Opportunity Information: Apply for PAR 27 071
The NIH Gabriella Miller Kids First Pediatric Research Program opportunity (PAR-27-071) supports the generation of genomic and related molecular data from existing pediatric cohorts focused on childhood cancers and congenital anomalies. The basic idea is that investigators who already have well-characterized patient cohorts and biospecimens can apply to have those samples sequenced and analyzed through Kids First-supported genomic data generating centers, with the resulting datasets contributed to the broader Kids First Data Resource for use by the research community. The emphasis is on building large, high-quality, shareable datasets that help researchers pinpoint the genetic factors behind pediatric cancers, understand the genetic causes of congenital anomalies, and explore why certain congenital anomalies are linked to an increased risk of developing cancer.
Scientifically, the program is geared toward clarifying both germline and somatic contributions to disease. Applications can focus on identifying inherited variants that predispose children to cancer, tumor-specific (somatic) alterations that drive pediatric malignancies, or the genetic architecture underlying congenital anomalies. A notable focus is the intersection between congenital anomalies and cancer risk, encouraging proposals that can shed light on shared pathways or mechanisms that explain these clinical associations. Another program goal is to broaden the range of pediatric conditions represented in the Kids First ecosystem and to improve representation within areas the program is already studying, which means proposals that complement or extend existing Kids First projects are particularly encouraged.
In terms of what the program will support, the opportunity is flexible about the types of molecular assays, as long as the choices are well-justified by the scientific question and the available samples. While whole genome sequencing is central, the NOFO also allows for whole exome sequencing and transcriptome sequencing. Beyond those, it explicitly permits clinical-grade sequencing, long-read sequencing approaches, and additional molecular profiling such as proteomics and epigenomic assays, including assays performed on tumors or other affected tissues when that makes sense for the study aims. This menu of options is designed to let applicants match the technology to the biology, for example using long-read sequencing to resolve structural variants or complex genomic regions, or using epigenomic profiling to investigate regulatory changes that are not captured by DNA sequence alone.
A key feature of this opportunity is data sharing and integration. The generated genomic data, along with associated clinical and phenotypic information, will be incorporated into the Kids First Data Resource Center. The practical implication is that applicants should expect to structure their projects around strong data stewardship: clear cohort definitions, well-documented phenotypes, and the ability to provide the metadata needed for other researchers to interpret and reuse the datasets. The overall payoff is that the broader pediatric research community gains access to harmonized, high-value datasets that can be mined for new discoveries, replicated across cohorts, and used to develop improved diagnostics and risk models over time.
From an administrative and policy standpoint, this is an NIH discretionary funding opportunity using an X01 mechanism, and it is explicitly labeled "Clinical Trial Not Allowed," meaning it is intended for genomic data generation and related activities rather than testing clinical interventions in a trial framework. Eligibility is broad across U.S.-based entities, including various levels of government, public and private institutions of higher education, nonprofit organizations, for-profit organizations (including small businesses), independent school districts, and eligible Native American tribal governments and organizations. However, there are clear restrictions on foreign involvement: non-U.S. entities cannot apply, non-U.S. components of U.S. organizations are not eligible, and foreign components as defined by NIH policy are not allowed. The listed application due date is January 11, 2027, and the opportunity is tied to CFDA number 93.310.Apply for PAR 27 071
- The National Institutes of Health in the health sector is offering a public funding opportunity titled "Discovery of the Genetic Basis of Childhood Cancers and of Congenital Anomalies: Gabriella Miller Kids First Pediatric Research Program (X01 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)" and is now available to receive applicants.
- Interested and eligible applicants and submit their applications by referencing the CFDA number(s): 93.310.
- This funding opportunity was created on 2026-06-18.
- Applicants must submit their applications by 2027-01-11.
- Eligible applicants include: State governments, County governments, City or township governments, Special district governments, Independent school districts, Public and State controlled institutions of higher education, Native American tribal governments (Federally recognized), Public housing authorities/Indian housing authorities, Native American tribal organizations (other than Federally recognized tribal governments), Nonprofits having a 501 (c) (3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education, Nonprofits that do not have a 501 (c) (3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education, Private institutions of higher education, For-profit organizations other than small businesses, Small businesses, Others.
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FAQs: NIH Gabriella Miller Kids First Pediatric Research Program (PAR-27-071)
What is this funding opportunity (PAR-27-071) trying to support?
This NIH Kids First opportunity supports the generation of genomic and related molecular data from existing pediatric cohorts focused on childhood cancers and congenital anomalies. It is designed for investigators who already have well-characterized patient cohorts and biospecimens and want those samples sequenced and analyzed through Kids First-supported genomic data generating centers. The resulting datasets are then contributed to the Kids First Data Resource for broad use by the research community.
What kinds of cohorts are a good fit for this program?
Cohorts are a good fit when they are pediatric, already assembled, well-characterized clinically, and include biospecimens that can be used for genomic or other molecular profiling. The scientific focus should be on childhood cancers, congenital anomalies, or the intersection between congenital anomalies and cancer risk.
Do applicants need to already have biospecimens collected?
Yes. The opportunity is framed around using existing, well-characterized cohorts and biospecimens. The program’s purpose is to generate and analyze new genomic and molecular datasets from samples that investigators already have access to, rather than building entirely new collections.
What are the main scientific goals of the program?
The program aims to build large, high-quality, shareable datasets that help researchers: (1) pinpoint genetic factors behind pediatric cancers, (2) understand genetic causes of congenital anomalies, and (3) explore why certain congenital anomalies are linked to increased cancer risk. A key scientific theme is clarifying both germline and somatic contributions to disease.
What does the program mean by germline and somatic contributions?
Applications can focus on inherited (germline) variants that predispose children to cancer, tumor-specific (somatic) alterations that drive pediatric malignancies, or genetic architectures underlying congenital anomalies. Proposals can also be designed to clarify how germline predisposition and somatic events interact in pediatric disease.
Is there a specific emphasis on congenital anomalies and cancer risk?
Yes. A notable focus is the intersection between congenital anomalies and cancer risk. The program encourages proposals that can illuminate shared pathways or mechanisms that explain observed clinical associations between specific congenital anomalies and later cancer development.
What kinds of sequencing or molecular assays are allowed?
The opportunity is flexible about molecular assays as long as they are well-justified by the scientific question and the available samples. Whole genome sequencing is central, and the NOFO also allows whole exome sequencing and transcriptome sequencing. It additionally permits clinical-grade sequencing, long-read sequencing, and other molecular profiling such as proteomics and epigenomic assays, including assays performed on tumors or other affected tissues when appropriate for the study aims.
Is whole genome sequencing required?
Whole genome sequencing is described as central to the program, but the NOFO also allows whole exome sequencing and transcriptome sequencing, along with other profiling approaches when justified. The intended design is to match the technology to the biology and the study question.
When would long-read sequencing be a good choice under this opportunity?
Long-read sequencing is explicitly permitted and may be well-suited when the scientific aims require resolving structural variants or complex genomic regions that are difficult to characterize with short-read approaches.
Are tumor samples and tumor-focused assays allowed?
Yes. The NOFO explicitly permits assays performed on tumors or other affected tissues when that makes sense for the study aims, and it supports generating data that clarify somatic contributions to pediatric malignancies.
Can applicants propose epigenomic or proteomic profiling?
Yes. Beyond genome/exome/transcriptome sequencing, the opportunity explicitly allows additional molecular profiling such as proteomics and epigenomic assays, including approaches aimed at regulatory changes not captured by DNA sequence alone.
Where do the resulting data go?
The genomic and related molecular data, along with associated clinical and phenotypic information, will be incorporated into the Kids First Data Resource Center. A core expectation of the program is that datasets will be contributed for use by the broader research community.
What does data sharing and integration mean for applicants in practice?
Applicants should expect to structure projects around strong data stewardship so the resulting datasets can be integrated into the Kids First Data Resource. Based on the opportunity description, that means clear cohort definitions, well-documented phenotypes, and providing the metadata other researchers need to interpret and reuse the data.
Is this opportunity intended to test clinical interventions?
No. The opportunity is explicitly labeled "Clinical Trial Not Allowed." It is intended for genomic data generation and related activities rather than testing clinical interventions in a clinical trial framework.
What funding mechanism is being used?
This is an NIH discretionary funding opportunity using an X01 mechanism.
Who is eligible to apply?
Eligibility is broad across U.S.-based entities, including various levels of government, public and private institutions of higher education, nonprofit organizations, for-profit organizations (including small businesses), independent school districts, and eligible Native American tribal governments and organizations.
Are foreign organizations allowed to apply?
No. Non-U.S. entities cannot apply.
Can a U.S. organization include a non-U.S. component in the project?
No. Non-U.S. components of U.S. organizations are not eligible, and foreign components (as defined by NIH policy) are not allowed.
When is the application due?
The listed application due date is January 11, 2027.
What is the CFDA number associated with this opportunity?
The opportunity is tied to CFDA number 93.310.
What kinds of projects are especially encouraged?
Projects that broaden the range of pediatric conditions represented in the Kids First ecosystem, improve representation within areas already under study, and complement or extend existing Kids First projects are particularly encouraged.
What is the main benefit to the broader research community?
The program’s emphasis on generating harmonized, high-value datasets means the broader pediatric research community gains access to shareable resources that can be mined for new discoveries, used to replicate findings across cohorts, and leveraged over time to develop improved diagnostics and risk models.
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